Monday, 4 June 2018

No longer identifying as an Ashtangi..... or a 'yogi' for that matter.

I saw this expression recently  'I no longer identify as...', it's not ideal perhaps but it struck a chord, it seemed a convenient way to encapsulate my thinking (feeling?) of late and certainly as a conceit in trying to write this difficult post.


"I no longer identify as an Ashtangi".

Update: Somebody just commented "Who cares". They make a good point, but after eleven years of daily practice and ten of writing about it, feeling that I (and I'm assuming I'm no alone) no longer want to be identified with this practice.... well, I care, clearly.

Practicing Qigong by Lake Biwa. I have this lake two minutes from my door,
can't help wanting to make the most of it.

Identifying as anything is probably not a good idea in the first place but it's easily done and more often than not just convenient, especially when writing a blog.

From early on I seemed to have identified my daily practice as Ashtanga, and as we so often end up fitting our life around our practice we end up identifying ourselves by said practice. I don't think I ever identified as 'a yogi' however.

Those who run each morning, whose diet changes on account of their running, who go to bed early because they know they will be getting up early the next morning to run, who become fascinated by the technique of running and read all they can as well as at some point any anatomy that relates to the occasional aches and pains they develop. They no doubt end up with friends with similar interests, the only people perhaps who can understand a commitment to a practice that seems to feed into all areas of their lives. They too no doubt often identify themselves with their practice, as 'a runner'.

Though I didn't perhaps follow the expected or indicated path of practicing at shalas and going to Mysore, preferring to practice at home alone, I still seem to have ended up identifying myself as an Ashtangi, a home Ashtangi perhaps but an Ashtangi all the same.

As the years went on and I explored and practiced with Ramaswami and looked more deeply into that which Krishnamacharya shared with him, I still considered my practice Ashtanga. My Vinyasa Krama would fall naturally into the shape and format of the Ashtanga practice I was most familiar with. Likewise, when I went back to Krishnamacharya's own early Mysore texts and practiced for a couple of years as he indicated in his texts it was still, in my mind, Ashtanga. We could see the table of asana in Krishnamacharya's Yogasanagalu (Mysore 1941)  that, with minor modification, became Jois' presentation of his teacher's practice, it was all essentially Krishnamacharya's practice, somewhat simplified perhaps in Jois but essentially the same, the philosophy was the same, the goal supposedly the same.

This year I have moved further away from straight ashtanga than ever before. I would start my practice with some of Simon Borg-Olivier's spinal movements, do a few standing postures then four or five seated asana before moving into shoulder stand and headstand sequences (Note: Jois indicated in Yoga Mala that we would/could/should adapt our practice after reaching 50). Most Ashtangi's wouldn't perhaps have recognised it as Ashtanga but to my mind it was still essentially Ashtanga. If I had thought about it I probably still identified as 'an Ashtangi'.

So what changed.

A month ago I stopped practicing asana, Simon Borg-Olivier's Spinal movements no longer led into standing and seated asana but into other Qigong sets and exercises, the sets came together into a practice. I liked that I could do my whole practice standing up and that I could stroll down to the lake and practice beside it, just as I was, without a mat or thinking too much about what I happened to be wearing. I liked that I wasn't binding, laying on my back, standing on my head. I liked that I could do my meditation practice standing as well as my active practice. I liked how my practice became somewhat more of a part of the nature I have surrounded myself with here ,between the lake and the mountains. I liked the way my body felt, alive from toe to crown, energised rather than physically tired.

Ashtangi's will often tend to suggest that those who leave Ashtanga couldn't handle the boredom or the physicality of the practice. I can honestly say that I don't remember a single practice in which I felt the slightest bit bored. I loved the physicality of the practice too. In the early days, the sweat and exhaustion was exhilarating but latter too when I would practice more slowly with calmer, slower breathing in a cooler room I loved the physicality of that too.

I still believe Ashtanga is a delightful practice. Practiced well, mindfully, humbly...., modestly it can be a wonderful way to build discipline and focus, especially if these are something one has always struggled with. The naysayers of Ashtanga often have an extreme form of how it is occasionally, unfortunately, taught and practiced. Taught and practiced mindfully it's fine.

So why....

Well you know why or can perhaps guess.

I have written here that all that has gone on concerning Pattabhi Jois' historic sexual abuse need not concern our practice and I still stand by that. Besides, Krishnamacharya has been more of a focus for me in my practice than Pattabhi Jois. Not going to a Shala daily, not practicing regularly with a teacher who practiced with Jois directly. Not going to Mysore, the Jois family has been of less concern or interest than it might have been. I did though go to Manju to try and get an idea of how Jois taught his son before the western students came, to try and get as close to Jois' time with Krishnamacharya as I could. I went back to Manju though because I loved him not because of whose son he was. Sharath has always been somewhat of a disappointment from afar. His was always a difficult gig, taking over from his grandfather as he chose to do, but if the Paramaguru title wasn't the last straw for me then his treatment of others during the teacher's list debacle certainly was. Perhaps if I had practiced with him directly I would be more.... tolerant, kinder.

Jois' abuse is in the past, or at least it is for those of us who luckily never suffered it directly, but the response to that abuse is of the present. It is NOW. Still people turn away, make excuses, dismiss or vilify those brave enough to speak up at last. Some of my own friends and loved ones still post photos of a smiling Jois while those who can't hep but re-live aspects of the trauma they experienced through speaking up are revealing their scars. Videos that include, as we can clearly see now, Jois abusing others, not as explicitly perhaps as in some other videos but still there to see, are still being pointedly shared on social media. I find it shameful and have quite frankly wanted nothing to do with the practice or community, wash my hands on the whole thing.

Nobody is damaging Jois' reputation, he did that himself through his behaviour.

We saw the photos and made excuses
We heard testimony but didn't listen.
Finally one of the most widely respected teacher in our community spoke up.
Victims/sufferers broke silence.
We heard reports that Sharath and Saraswati saw the abuse themselves and tried to stop  it.
We read more direct testimony from those who were also abused.
We heard from other respected teachers what they had themselves seen, we heard the shame they expressed in not speaking up, in not doing more.
We read a brief apology, later disappointingly deleted, from Jois' own Son.

See this post for details http://grimmly2007.blogspot.com/2017/12/inappropriate-adjustments.html

And still there are those making excuses, looking the other way, vilifying, and STILL posting smiling photos of Jois along with videos of his abusive teaching.

It's not the past that made me want to unidentify myself with Ashtanga, it is the present.

Kino/Alo/Cody is just one more disappointing sideshow.

I didn't intend to write so strongly, triggers.

And yet......

And yet M. still practices her Primary, there beside my Qigong on the weekend. And I stumble upon photos and videos of Ashtangi's practicing, photos and videos that are about the practice itself rather than about them personally, unlike so many other photos and videos on social media. I choose to believe that most have a sincere relationship with the practice, that it's not about looking good though perhaps feeling good, that it's about the work, the discipline and focus, that there is a sincerity in this practice. I know that there several teachers who seek fame, recognition, monetary rewards but again, I choose to believe that most teachers are rarely heard about outside their own circle and put themselves there at the service of their students. Many may perhaps be too strongly influenced by Sharath and have a heavy hand in their teaching but the hope is that the more they teach the lighter their hand will become.

It was for this reason, this more hopeful feeling and resilient fondness for the practice that I brought my Manduka back out of the cupboard and practiced Primary along with M. on Saturday and am planning to practice once a week beside her.

And it was a delightful practice. I was surprised that I could still bind Marichi D and Supta kurmasana, Qigong seems to be maintaining some flexibility at least. However, if Ashtanga is often thought to be about upper body strength then qigong is about the legs, I'd lost a lot of strength in my shoulders and across my chest, chaturanga and upward facing dog were killing me by the end of the practice. I also found my hamstrings were a lot tighter and I had almost lost Urdhva Dhanurasana altogether. At the end, after a little pranayama and a short Sit, I was reminded why I fell in love with this practice in the first place.

Will I go back to it? Perhaps one day if/when I lose this taste in my mouth.

Note: Current practice here.
http://activemovementyogaathome.blogspot.com/2018/07/current-practice.html


I notice that I'm coming up to ten years blogging about Ashtanga, July 9th 2008 was my first post, it was on Jumping back when this blog was still called Ashtanga Jump back.... at Home.






FIN



Friday, 1 June 2018

Upanishad Vidyas - June 2018 Newsletter from Srivatsa Ramaswami-

I was for three days in Germany teaching a workshop on yoga.The program was organized by BDY (German Yoga Body)( my translation). About 50 yoga teachers and practitioners attended the program.
On pranayama I had indicated that exhalation or racaka is perhaps the most important factor in learning pranyama practice. With a thorough exhalation making use ot the rectal, pelvic abdominal muscles and a flexible strong diaphragm the yogi is able to achieve exceptional racaka. And this facilitates a very good inhalation next taking in considerable fresh air. A few times say about 40 such pranayama everyday is refreshing as it helps to remove stale air from the lungs and take in fresh oxygen. My Guru would day that with recaka bala or strength of recaka or exhalation a hatayogi achieves a lot.

The whole program was arranged by my 20 year long friend Klaus Koenig.He translated the talks, demonstrated many postures. His young son 9 year old Hagen also was there helping his hard working father. A lovely kid.

On the way to the airport, Hagen gave a 'riddle'. How do you get a cow into a refrigerator? I could not imagine a cow in a  refrigerator like the one in my house. I said I did not know. He said, just open the door and put the cow in and close the door . Oh yes if the refrigerator was large enough it could hold the cow. Then he went on and asked, "Now, how can get a horse into the same refrigerator. I thought I knew the answer and said "Open the door, put the horse in the refrigerator and close the door"?He smiled and said, "No, you first get the cow out of the refrigerator and then put the horse in".

Klause continued. In the same way you exhale completely and then inhale for pranayama. Remove the stale air (cow) with recaka from the lungs (refrigerator) and then fill the lungs (refrigerator) with good inhalation or puraka(the horse)







In June I will be teaching a weeklong program covering a variety of yoga related topics at East Side Yoga in Austin Texas. Here is the link for more information

http://www.eastsideyoga-austin.com/product/srivatsa-ramaswami-visit-june-2018/

From June 30th to mid July I am scheduled to teach a 15 day 100 hour Vinyasakrama yoga teacher training program at One yoga in Victoria, Canada. Though I had not planned any more of this TT program, because my last year scheduled program at Oneyoga at Montreal was cancelled, we agreed to do it in Victoria for Oneyoga of my friend Ryan Leir. It will have three components A sixty hour segment will cover more than 700 vinyasas centered around more than 120 classical asanas in 10 major sequences,following the Vinyasakrama methodology with breath orientation as taught by my Guru Sri Krishnamacharya. Then there will be 20 hour segment consisting of a variety of pranayama methods and practice of some important pranayama procedures. It will also include the bandhas. In addition we will also cover yogic procedures that have a direct bearing upon the health of six internal organs or koshas viz., the heart and the circulatory system, the lungs and the respiratory system, the stomach and the digestive system, the kidneys/bladder and the urinary system, the intestines  and the uterus and  the reproductive systems. The third component  will be for 20 hours in which we will go through all the sutras in the fourt chapters of Patanjali's yoga sutra.

I understand that there are still a few spots available even as the registration so far has been good. Here is the link.

http://oneyogavictoria.com/events/vinyasa-krama-teacher-training-with-srivatsa-ramaswami


Of course I should also mention about another important program I will be doing at Loyola Marymount University in July/August 2018. It will be 8 day program of yoga related text studies. I will be teaching the twin darsanas or philosophies of Samkhya and Yoga one in the morning and one in the afternoon. We will go throug all the 72 slokas or verses of Samkhya Karika of Iswarakrishna and then in the afternoon all the sutras of Patanjali. Since these texts complement each other it will be very useful to study them together. Here is the link for registration.
https://academics.lmu.edu/extension/crs/yoga/programs/vinyasa/

http://www.vinyasakrama.com/Events

Upanishad Vidyas

(Photo is my addition to the newsletter - Grimmly)

Sri Krishnamacharya after teaching in detail both Samkhya Karika and Yoga Sutras started teaching several upanishads and upanishad vidyas. One day I asked my Guru why there are so many upanishads and upanishad vidyas if they all have one goal of teaching one Truth principle called the Brahman. He replied that since there are several teachers and students with different abilities it would be necessary to adopt different methods, discussions and arguments to arrive at the same Truth. Here I will take up a few such Vidyas and how they help the reader to understand the nature of Brahman

Perhaps  the most studied upanishad is Mandukya Upanishad wherein the Rishi author endeavours to explain that reality through our daily experiential states of waking dreaming and deep sleep to arrive at the fourth state of Brahmanhood.  The Vedas refer to that ultimate reality by the pranava mantra “OM” which is made of  the vowels 'a'. 'u'. and  the consonant 'm'  and It represents the three states we experience daily. We all agree that each one of us experience these three states daily. But are we able to identify this entity that goes through, experiences all these states. That is what this upanishad does.

We usually say that  an individual acts  during the waking state, then lies down and has a dream and then deep sleep before waking up again to go through activities in the waking state. But what exactly is the nature of the individual who goes through all  the three stages? What are the differences among the three states and what is common in all the states? What is common in all the states is the Self and what is experienced in each state because they vary will not be the self. So the Upanishad identifies the waking state observer as pure consciousness or Brahman which is known as Atman at the individual level and is represented by the syllable 'a' of the pranava. Then the same atman is experiencing the dream state and is represented as 'u' and then deep sleep as 'm'.

Am I, Ramaswami.  not the one who has experience of waking state and then I lie down and have a dream and then deep sleep? There is a big difference. In waking state Ramaswami is the person identified commonly as the subject. But in dream we have another world the dream world, the dream objects. We all agree that the dream world and dream objects are different from the waking state world and objects and persons. In addition it is easy to see that the waking state subject Ramaswami is different from the dream state subject which the mind identifies as the subject which looks and acts differently from the waking state individual. It is also said that when one has a dream there is a partial temporary paralysis of several motor functions  and so the dreamer does not walk when the dream self does all activities. So the upanishad indicates that what we commonly talk about as the subject during waking state, it is different from the the subject in the dream state and the waking state dreamer is not the one who experiences the dream but the unvarying consciousness or Atman which is none other than Brahman. The upanishad wants us to see that the waking state Ramaswami is also an object for the Atman as the outside world and objects. Likewise for the Atman --and not Ramaswami-- the dream objects, the dream world and the dream self are all objects for the dream watching Atman identified by the Upanishad as 'u'. And one can extend the arguments to the deep sleep state as well. Then there is the pure state of the Atman/Brahman consciousness which yogis and liberated vedantins are said to be in, called kaivalya or brahma nirvana or the fourth state or turiya represented by the complete syllable 'AUM'

The Taittiriya upanishad looks at the ‘seen person’ as one made up of
five kosas, and exhorts the spiritual seeker to transcend the ‘five
kosa seen person’ by deep step by step contemplation and understand
the nature of the atman. These five kosas are envisaged, each one of
them as made up of the five parts of a bird,  and each one of the
kosas more subtle than the outer one. The five kosas start with the
one made of food or matter, the physical body. It is made of physical
matter  consisting of five distinct portions as the head, the right
and left wings, the body of the front and the tail or the back. It
gets energy from anna or food/matter. This kosa should be kept pure
and yogasanas are said to help one achieve this goal. There is a vedic
prayer which helps one pray for the pure satvic quality of the
physical body made fully of anna(annamaya) or matter.

This physical body is identified by everybody, including a child, as
the person, the self. But the self by definition is the innermost,
subtlest principle in every human being. Is there anything more subtle
than the physical body?  The upanishad begins to investigate.

And it finds out that there is an inner self to the physical body made
fully of life force called prana, in the same mold of the physical
body. This pranamaya permeates the whole physical body and is
visualized as the self of the physical body or annamaya kosa. It also
is visualized with five distinct parts, the head, the two wings, the
chest and then the tail. The Prana, the main life force is the head
of  vyana and apana are the right and left wings, then udana is the
body or heart of this kosa and then samana is the tail or support of
this system. A regular pranayama workout will help maintain this kosa
in good stead.

There is an inner self, of the shape of the person, to this prana maya
kosa which itself is a sheath or a kosa called mano maya. It is
permeated with an aspect of the chitta called manas. Manas coordinates
all the senses and instruments of action. Interestingly the most
important sense for a vedic scholar is the sense of hearing. Hearing
the vedas from the teacher the vedic student learns by heart the
vedas. Also this vedic student has his mano maya kosa full of vedic
knowledge. The head of this mano maya  is the yajur veda, the right
and the left wings are the rik and sama vedas. The body or the chest
is the vedic injunctions (adesa or the brahmana portion) and the tail
is the last veda, the atharva veda. It therefore actually refers to
our entire memory kosa. This kosa according to yogis can be kept in
good condition by pratyahara. The vaidics would say chanting of the
vedas  keeps the manomaya kosa in good shape.

Is there anything subtler than this? Yes, says the Upanishad. Subtler
than the mano maya is the vigyana maya or the kosa of intellect. This
is the self of the previous kosa, of the human form but is visualized
with a head which is shraddha or faith(in the scriptures). Since the
vedic scholar is doing this self analysis and investigation, he uses
this kosa towards the spiritual end. So the right wing is
righteousness or straight forwardness(rtam) and the left wing is satya
or the ultimate spiritual Truth. Then the heart or the atma of this
sheath is yoga or the ability to remain concentrated or go into
samadhi. The whole kosa is supported by mahat or universal
intelligence. The upanishad sadhaka has to have this kosa in good
stead to clearly understand the nature of the self using this kosa
diligently. And dhyana or meditation is the means of keeping this kosa
unpolluted.

The soul of this kosa is another subtle kosa called ananda maya which
is translated roughly as the bliss kosa. Again this kosa is  in the
human form but is visualized as a bird. The head of this kosa is
affection (priya), the right wing is glee (moda), the left wing is
ecstasy (pramoda) and the heart is bliss (ananda) and the support of
this is Brahman, the ultimate reality. The ultimate reality, the Atman/
Brahman which is defined (swarupa lakshana) as pure consciousness
unaffected by either time or space (satyam, gnanam anantam brahma) and
whose realization is possible by the path shown (tatasta lakshana) by
the knowledge called the pancha maya (kosa) vidya is what is to be
known to end the evil of transmigratory existence.

The first step is to  consider the human body, called the annamaya, as
part of the outside matter of the universe as it is that which is made
up of five elements, earth, water, etc., returns to the earth/universe
after death. During the lifetime, the annamaya body is sustained by
anna or food/matter, itself drawing the energy from it. The subtle
self of the human body which is the inner sheath known as pranamaya is
the one that keeps the body alive. The force that maintains it is
called prana sakti. It is said that udana, one of the five forces
keeps the balance between prana the inward life force and apana the
outward life force under balance. Once the udana loses that control at
the time of death, the apana with  prana and  other life forces leaves
the body. The other three sheaths , the manomaya, its inner core/
atman, the vigyana maya and the subtlest sheath the ananda maya are
controlled by the power of veil or ignorance called the avarana
sakthi. This is the power which prevents the individual from realizing
the true nature of one’s core or atman which is pure consciousness and
beyond the five kosas. This power when it operates in the subtlest or
the ananda maya kosa is known as ichha sakti or the power of desire.
When it operates in the vignyana maya kosa it is known as gnana sakti
or power of discrimination and then when it operates in the mano maya
it is known as kriya sakti. The desire for the desirable object arising
in the ananda maya leads the vignyana maya to contemplate the means
for fulfilling it and thereafter the manomaya directs the physical
body to do the necessary physical work to achieve the goal, which it
succeeds in sometimes and not some other times leading to the feeling
of happiness or unhappiness in the ananda maya self. Thus even though
the spiritual nature of the self is clearly discernible from the
pancha maya vidya of the Upanishads, it is obscured by the power of
the avarana sakthi or the power of spiritual ignorance which gets more
and more strengthened by the operation of this sakthi, life after
life. Hence the upanishad not only explains the nature of the real
self as opposed to the mistaken self (mithya atma) made up of five
kosas but also gives a step by step approach to strengthen the
spiritual knowledge leading to transcending the evil of endless
transmigratory existence.

Since the human body returns to earth and other elements the entire
universe including the human body is considered one virat one whole
universe of anna or matter of  the five elements. The prana which is
the subtle self of the human body is considered the subtle self
therefore of the universe and then regressing further one arrives at
the individual soul or atman as the self. And since now it is also the
Self of the Universe it is called Brahman and the advaitins proclaims
the oneness (advaita) of the individual self (atman) and the supreme
self (brahman) as one and the same. This pancha kosa vidya episode
I am reproducing from an earlier newsletter.

Once a seeker is able to directly experience the Brahman the seeker's happiness is immeasurable. This is described beautifully in the anandamaya vidya of the taittiriya upanishad.The Bliss of one good youth well versed in the Vedas, firm, strong, healthy, quick, to whom the whole earth with all its wealth belongs, is one kind of bliss. Hundredfold and hundredfold greater in bliss in the order of succession are the states of Manushya-Gandharvas, Deva-Gandharvas, Pitris, Ajnanaja-Devas, Karma-Devas, Devas, Indra, Brihaspati, Prajapati, Brahma.

The bliss of Brahman is not to be considered as equal to a result mathematically arrived at by multiplying human joy by many hundred folds but it is the Bliss that is indescribable and infinite, the eternal the only existence. Every time it is asserted that the Veda-knower enjoys all these degrees of Bliss pro­vided he is untainted by desire and passion. A person who realizes the Brahman also knows that the individual atman or purusha in each individual creature and the one in the Sun yonder are one and the same. Such an individual never returns to be born again after leaving the layered body.

There are many such vidyas that the variety of upanishads boast of. Satvidya, pratardana vidya, panchagni vidya, dahara vidya, sandilya vidya, upakosala vidya, pratardana vidya are some of them.  The Bhagavatgita refers to the atman/brahman as the constant witness of the experiences of the childhood, then adulthood and old age and even death. The Mandukya refers to the same atma/brahman as the unvarying witness of the waking state, dream state and the deep sleep experiences of daily life and then the state of moksha or the transcendental state, the fourth or turiya. The panchagni vidya of Brihadarnyaka upanishad explains the state of five transformation the atman witnesses that take place in an individual between death and being reborn as a member of another species

Wish you Happy reading of Upanishad Vidyas

Srivatsa Ramaswami

Upanishad Vidyas - Srivatsa Ramaswami June 2018 Newsletter from

Upanishad Vidyas

Sri Krishnamacharya after teaching in detail both Samkhya Karika and Yoga Sutras started teaching several upanishads and upanishad vidyas. One day I asked my Guru why there are so many upanishads and upanishad vidyas if they all have one goal of teaching one Truth principle called the Brahman. He replied that since there are several teachers and students with different abilities it would be necessary to adopt different methods, discussions and arguments to arrive at the same Truth. Here I will take up a few such Vidyas and how they help the reader to understand the nature of Brahman

Perhaps  the most studied upanishad is Mandukya Upanishad wherein the Rishi author endeavours to explain that reality through our daily experiential states of waking dreaming and deep sleep to arrive at the fourth state of Brahmanhood.  The Vedas refer to that ultimate reality by the pranava mantra “OM” which is made of  the vowels 'a'. 'u'. and  the consonant 'm'  and It represents the three states we experience daily. We all agree that each one of us experience these three states daily. But are we able to identify this entity that goes through, experiences all these states. That is what this upanishad does.

We usually say that  an individual acts  during the waking state, then lies down and has a dream and then deep sleep before waking up again to go through activities in the waking state. But what exactly is the nature of the individual who goes through all  the three stages? What are the differences among the three states and what is common in all the states? What is common in all the states is the Self and what is experienced in each state because they vary will not be the self. So the Upanishad identifies the waking state observer as pure consciousness or Brahman which is known as Atman at the individual level and is represented by the syllable 'a' of the pranava. Then the same atman is experiencing the dream state and is represented as 'u' and then deep sleep as 'm'. 

Am I, Ramaswami.  not the one who has experience of waking state and then I lie down and have a dream and then deep sleep? There is a big difference. In waking state Ramaswami is the person identified commonly as the subject. But in dream we have another world the dream world, the dream objects. We all agree that the dream world and dream objects are different from the waking state world and objects and persons. In addition it is easy to see that the waking state subject Ramaswami is different from the dream state subject which the mind identifies as the subject which looks and acts differently from the waking state individual. It is also said that when one has a dream there is a partial temporary paralysis of several motor functions  and so the dreamer does not walk when the dream self does all activities. So the upanishad indicates that what we commonly talk about as the subject during waking state, it is different from the the subject in the dream state and the waking state dreamer is not the one who experiences the dream but the unvarying consciousness or Atman which is none other than Brahman. The upanishad wants us to see that the waking state Ramaswami is also an object for the Atman as the outside world and objects. Likewise for the Atman --and not Ramaswami-- the dream objects, the dream world and the dream self are all objects for the dream watching Atman identified by the Upanishad as 'u'. And one can extend the arguments to the deep sleep state as well. Then there is the pure state of the Atman/Brahman consciousness which yogis and liberated vedantins are said to be in, called kaivalya or brahma nirvana or the fourth state or turiya represented by the complete syllable 'AUM'

The Taittiriya upanishad looks at the ‘seen person’ as one made up of
five kosas, and exhorts the spiritual seeker to transcend the ‘five
kosa seen person’ by deep step by step contemplation and understand
the nature of the atman. These five kosas are envisaged, each one of
them as made up of the five parts of a bird,  and each one of the
kosas more subtle than the outer one. The five kosas start with the
one made of food or matter, the physical body. It is made of physical
matter  consisting of five distinct portions as the head, the right
and left wings, the body of the front and the tail or the back. It
gets energy from anna or food/matter. This kosa should be kept pure
and yogasanas are said to help one achieve this goal. There is a vedic
prayer which helps one pray for the pure satvic quality of the
physical body made fully of anna(annamaya) or matter.

This physical body is identified by everybody, including a child, as
the person, the self. But the self by definition is the innermost,
subtlest principle in every human being. Is there anything more subtle
than the physical body?  The upanishad begins to investigate.

And it finds out that there is an inner self to the physical body made
fully of life force called prana, in the same mold of the physical
body. This pranamaya permeates the whole physical body and is
visualized as the self of the physical body or annamaya kosa. It also
is visualized with five distinct parts, the head, the two wings, the
chest and then the tail. The Prana, the main life force is the head
of  vyana and apana are the right and left wings, then udana is the
body or heart of this kosa and then samana is the tail or support of
this system. A regular pranayama workout will help maintain this kosa
in good stead.

There is an inner self, of the shape of the person, to this prana maya
kosa which itself is a sheath or a kosa called mano maya. It is
permeated with an aspect of the chitta called manas. Manas coordinates
all the senses and instruments of action. Interestingly the most
important sense for a vedic scholar is the sense of hearing. Hearing
the vedas from the teacher the vedic student learns by heart the
vedas. Also this vedic student has his mano maya kosa full of vedic
knowledge. The head of this mano maya  is the yajur veda, the right
and the left wings are the rik and sama vedas. The body or the chest
is the vedic injunctions (adesa or the brahmana portion) and the tail
is the last veda, the atharva veda. It therefore actually refers to
our entire memory kosa. This kosa according to yogis can be kept in
good condition by pratyahara. The vaidics would say chanting of the
vedas  keeps the manomaya kosa in good shape.

Is there anything subtler than this? Yes, says the Upanishad. Subtler
than the mano maya is the vigyana maya or the kosa of intellect. This
is the self of the previous kosa, of the human form but is visualized
with a head which is shraddha or faith(in the scriptures). Since the
vedic scholar is doing this self analysis and investigation, he uses
this kosa towards the spiritual end. So the right wing is
righteousness or straight forwardness(rtam) and the left wing is satya
or the ultimate spiritual Truth. Then the heart or the atma of this
sheath is yoga or the ability to remain concentrated or go into
samadhi. The whole kosa is supported by mahat or universal
intelligence. The upanishad sadhaka has to have this kosa in good
stead to clearly understand the nature of the self using this kosa
diligently. And dhyana or meditation is the means of keeping this kosa
unpolluted.

The soul of this kosa is another subtle kosa called ananda maya which
is translated roughly as the bliss kosa. Again this kosa is  in the
human form but is visualized as a bird. The head of this kosa is
affection (priya), the right wing is glee (moda), the left wing is
ecstasy (pramoda) and the heart is bliss (ananda) and the support of
this is Brahman, the ultimate reality. The ultimate reality, the Atman/
Brahman which is defined (swarupa lakshana) as pure consciousness
unaffected by either time or space (satyam, gnanam anantam brahma) and
whose realization is possible by the path shown (tatasta lakshana) by
the knowledge called the pancha maya (kosa) vidya is what is to be
known to end the evil of transmigratory existence.

The first step is to  consider the human body, called the annamaya, as
part of the outside matter of the universe as it is that which is made
up of five elements, earth, water, etc., returns to the earth/universe
after death. During the lifetime, the annamaya body is sustained by
anna or food/matter, itself drawing the energy from it. The subtle
self of the human body which is the inner sheath known as pranamaya is
the one that keeps the body alive. The force that maintains it is
called prana sakti. It is said that udana, one of the five forces
keeps the balance between prana the inward life force and apana the
outward life force under balance. Once the udana loses that control at
the time of death, the apana with  prana and  other life forces leaves
the body. The other three sheaths , the manomaya, its inner core/
atman, the vigyana maya and the subtlest sheath the ananda maya are
controlled by the power of veil or ignorance called the avarana
sakthi. This is the power which prevents the individual from realizing
the true nature of one’s core or atman which is pure consciousness and
beyond the five kosas. This power when it operates in the subtlest or
the ananda maya kosa is known as ichha sakti or the power of desire.
When it operates in the vignyana maya kosa it is known as gnana sakti
or power of discrimination and then when it operates in the mano maya
it is known as kriya sakti. The desire for the desirable object arising
in the ananda maya leads the vignyana maya to contemplate the means
for fulfilling it and thereafter the manomaya directs the physical
body to do the necessary physical work to achieve the goal, which it
succeeds in sometimes and not some other times leading to the feeling
of happiness or unhappiness in the ananda maya self. Thus even though
the spiritual nature of the self is clearly discernible from the
pancha maya vidya of the Upanishads, it is obscured by the power of
the avarana sakthi or the power of spiritual ignorance which gets more
and more strengthened by the operation of this sakthi, life after
life. Hence the upanishad not only explains the nature of the real
self as opposed to the mistaken self (mithya atma) made up of five
kosas but also gives a step by step approach to strengthen the
spiritual knowledge leading to transcending the evil of endless
transmigratory existence.

Since the human body returns to earth and other elements the entire
universe including the human body is considered one virat one whole
universe of anna or matter of  the five elements. The prana which is
the subtle self of the human body is considered the subtle self
therefore of the universe and then regressing further one arrives at
the individual soul or atman as the self. And since now it is also the
Self of the Universe it is called Brahman and the advaitins proclaims
the oneness (advaita) of the individual self (atman) and the supreme
self (brahman) as one and the same. This pancha kosa vidya episode 
I am reproducing from an earlier newsletter.

Once a seeker is able to directly experience the Brahman the seeker's happiness is immeasurable. This is described beautifully in the anandamaya vidya of the taittiriya upanishad.The Bliss of one good youth well versed in the Vedas, firm, strong, healthy, quick, to whom the whole earth with all its wealth belongs, is one kind of bliss. Hundredfold and hundredfold greater in bliss in the order of succession are the states of Manushya-Gandharvas, Deva-Gandharvas, Pitris, Ajnanaja-Devas, Karma-Devas, Devas, Indra, Brihaspati, Prajapati, Brahma.

The bliss of Brahman is not to be considered as equal to a result mathematically arrived at by multiplying human joy by many hundred folds but it is the Bliss that is indescribable and infinite, the eternal the only existence. Every time it is asserted that the Veda-knower enjoys all these degrees of Bliss pro­vided he is untainted by desire and passion. A person who realizes the Brahman also knows that the individual atman or purusha in each individual creature and the one in the Sun yonder are one and the same. Such an individual never returns to be born again after leaving the layered body.

There are many such vidyas that the variety of upanishads boast of. Satvidya, pratardana vidya, panchagni vidya, dahara vidya, sandilya vidya, upakosala vidya, pratardana vidya are some of them.  The Bhagavatgita refers to the atman/brahman as the constant witness of the experiences of the childhood, then adulthood and old age and even death. The Mandukya refers to the same atma/brahman as the unvarying witness of the waking state, dream state and the deep sleep experiences of daily life and then the state of moksha or the transcendental state, the fourth or turiya. The panchagni vidya of Brihadarnyaka upanishad explains the state of five transformation the atman witnesses that take place in an individual between death and being reborn as a member of another species 


***

I was for three days in Germany teaching a workshop on yoga.The program was organized by BDY (German Yoga Body)( my translation). About 50 yoga teachers and practitioners attended the program.
On pranayama I had indicated that exhalation or racaka is perhaps the most important factor in learning pranyama practice. With a thorough exhalation making use ot the rectal, pelvic abdominal muscles and a flexible strong diaphragm the yogi is able to achieve exceptional racaka. And this facilitates a very good inhalation next taking in considerable fresh air. A few times say about 40 such pranayama everyday is refreshing as it helps to remove stale air from the lungs and take in fresh oxygen. My Guru would day that with recaka bala or strength of recaka or exhalation a hatayogi achieves a lot.

The whole program was arranged by my 20 year long friend Klaus Koenig.He translated the talks, demonstrated many postures. His young son 9 year old Hagen also was there helping his hard working father. A lovely kid.

On the way to the airport, Hagen gave a 'riddle'. How do you get a cow into a refrigerator? I could not imagine a cow in a  refrigerator like the one in my house. I said I did not know. He said, just open the door and put the cow in and close the door . Oh yes if the refrigerator was large enough it could hold the cow. Then he went on and asked, "Now, how can get a horse into the same refrigerator. I thought I knew the answer and said "Open the door, put the horse in the refrigerator and close the door"?He smiled and said, "No, you first get the cow out of the refrigerator and then put the horse in".

Klause continued. In the same way you exhale completely and then inhale for pranayama. Remove the stale air (cow) with recaka from the lungs (refrigerator) and then fill the lungs (refrigerator) with good inhalation or puraka(the horse)

 



In June I will be teaching a weeklong program covering a variety of yoga related topics at East Side Yoga in Austin Texas. Here is the link for more information

http://www.eastsideyoga-austin.com/product/srivatsa-ramaswami-visit-june-2018/

From June 30th to mid July I am scheduled to teach a 15 day 100 hour Vinyasakrama yoga teacher training program at One yoga in Victoria, Canada. Though I had not planned any more of this TT program, because my last year scheduled program at Oneyoga at Montreal was cancelled, we agreed to do it in Victoria for Oneyoga of my friend Ryan Leir. It will have three components A sixty hour segment will cover more than 700 vinyasas centered around more than 120 classical asanas in 10 major sequences,following the Vinyasakrama methodology with breath orientation as taught by my Guru Sri Krishnamacharya. Then there will be 20 hour segment consisting of a variety of pranayama methods and practice of some important pranayama procedures. It will also include the bandhas. In addition we will also cover yogic procedures that have a direct bearing upon the health of six internal organs or koshas viz., the heart and the circulatory system, the lungs and the respiratory system, the stomach and the digestive system, the kidneys/bladder and the urinary system, the intestines  and the uterus and  the reproductive systems. The third component  will be for 20 hours in which we will go through all the sutras in the fourt chapters of Patanjali's yoga sutra. 

I understand that there are still a few spots available even as the registration so far has been good. Here is the link. 

http://oneyogavictoria.com/events/vinyasa-krama-teacher-training-with-srivatsa-ramaswami


Of course I should also mention about another important program I will be doing at Loyola Marymount University in July/August 2018. It will be 8 day program of yoga related text studies. I will be teaching the twin darsanas or philosophies of Samkhya and Yoga one in the morning and one in the afternoon. We will go throug all the 72 slokas or verses of Samkhya Karika of Iswarakrishna and then in the afternoon all the sutras of Patanjali. Since these texts complement each other it will be very useful to study them together. Here is the link for registration.
https://academics.lmu.edu/extension/crs/yoga/programs/vinyasa/

Wish you Happy reading of Upanishad Vidyas

Srivatsa Ramaswami

Tuesday, 1 May 2018

Fly - May 2018 Newsletter from Srivatsa Ramaswami

May 2018 Newsletter from Srivatsa Ramaswami--Fly

Note: The Fly, by Blake is my addition not Ramaswami's.

I returned to USA after almost a five month stay in India. The stay was nice in part, I taught for about 30 days teaching verse by verses or sutra by sutra three important texts, The Bhagavat Gita, the Yoga sutras as part of the 100 hr teacher training program and also Samkhya Karika. The rest of the time in Chennai was rather rough but came away in one piece. In May I am scheduled to teach for 3 days for German Yoga Body.

Fly

When I was very young I used to like a story in the form of a poem about a fly which is called "e" in my mother tongue Tamil and who forgot its identity and name and was keen to find it out. It was living its short life around a cowshed. It was sitting on the ear of a fat lovely little calf when this question of identity came up in its little mind. The fly asked the calf "Do you know who am I, my name". The calf shook its head indicating that it does not know and also throwing the fly off. The fly then flew to the mother cow, sat on its right ear and asked the same question "Do you know...?"  Again the cow shook its head vigorously indicating it does not know and also to drive away the annoying fly on its ear. The fly flew a short distance and sat on the ear of the cowherd who would tend the cow, take it for grazing and asked the same question. The cowhead knew nothing of it and again shook his head to answer in the negative and to shake the  fly off.

The little fly then sat on the stick in the hand of the cowherd and asked the cane the same question,"Do you know who I am, my name please?" The stick did not even hear what the fly asked and kept mum. Desparate the fly flew from the stick to the nearby tree from which the can was taken out. Again our litlle fly asked the huge banyan tree if it would know who the fly was, its name. Then there was a stiff breeze and the leaves and branches shook as if to indicate that the tree is ignorant. It also forced the fly to go off a little. But it  return to a crane (lark?) sitting on the tree. The fly got close to the crane again got near the ear and asked the same question. Annoyed at not knowing the answer, the crane flew off to a nearby waterbody, a pond as if to have a bath. The fly flew off from the crane and stood on the waters of the pond and asked the quest. "Oh dear pond on whcih the crane bathes, do you know who I am?" The pond kept quiet without answering and that time the fly saw a small fish busily swimming in the waters.Our little fly chose to ask the same question to the fish whcih ofcourse did not have the answer. By then the fly saw  a fisherman also known as valaya because he uses a net (valai) to catch fish and put it in an earthern vessal to keep the fish catch. Then the fly again got to the right ear of the fisherman and asked the simple question "Who am I ?" The fisherman said that he did not know. Then it landed on the small earthern fish container the fisherman was having and asked "I am desparate you know who I am?' The earhern pot said nothing. Desparate our fly flew to the  potter who made the clay container of the fisherman. It asked him the same question which all of us know by heart now."Who am I, what is my name?" The potter busy with his work waved off the fly without addressing the genuine concern of our little fly. The persistent fly then sat on the lump of clay that the potter was placing on the wheel to make another pot. The fly asked the same question and again got no reply. Then the fly flew further away on the grass that grew from the dirt. "Hello my dear green gras pray tell me who am I?"  The grass gently waved off with the breeze. And in a last desparate attempt, the fly got to the ear of the horse which was about to eat the grass and asked the question for the last time "Oh dear grass eating horse , tellme who am I, what is my name?". With the fly tickling its ears the horse made its unique sound -a neigh a whiny, a bray  or whatever. It gave  a few throaty sounds 'e' the exact name of the fly in Tamil. The fly having learnt its name , identity flew  away happily. It was self-realization for the small fly.
This story written after watching a fly fly short distances and sitting on different objects. It also parallels and brings a very important question the upanishads yoga and samkhya try to answer about each one of us.

A few people, very few get concerned about who he or she is, what is one's real nature like our litlle fly different from other flies. Many such people spend their entire lifetime trying to  find an answer to this question. This question is said to be answered by the upanishads especially four great saying from the four vedas that contain the upanishads.  The student asks the father/teacher about the ultimate reality to whcih the father/sage replies  "You are that ultimate reality or tat tvam asi" as per sama veda. To the next question what is Brahman, its essntial nature, comes the answer from Rig veda "Brahman is absolute consciousness or Pragnyanam Brahma". Since the individual atman or self is pure consciousness, the next statement from atharva veda says that the self in each of us is Brahman or ayam atma Brahma or This Atma or self is brahma. With this knowledge the individual mind settles down with the last great saying from the Yajur veda "I am Brahman or aham brahmasmi"

The fly wanted to know who it was and the truth came from the horses's mouth
The truth seeker wanted to know the true nature of oneself and the answer came from the rishis or the truth speakers
-- 
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
Groups "Vinyasa Krama Yoga Announcements" group.
You cannot post directly to this group, but you can post to our discussion group at
http://groups.google.com/group/vinyasa-krama

Friday, 20 April 2018

Simon Borg-Olivier on Kino's Omstars channel.


I came across a trailer for a new course by Simon Borg-Olivier on Kino MacGregor's, Omstars channel (https://omstars.com/) , a channel she describes in their mission statement as "Netflix for yogi's". Following a link to the Omstars fb page I also came across a coupon (CELEBRATEONE) for the month of April, one month for $1, result.

I can't say, much about the channel, all I've watched thus far are Simon's videos but it's certainly as easy to subscribe as Netflix, an email address, make a password and you have an account. Fill in your credit card details, add the coupon and you're all subscribed and watching videos in minutes.

As with Netflix, this is an unlimited viewing subscription channel, you don't get to download and keep anything, although of course, you can always capture streaming content, a favourite clip or video playing on your screen, with the likes of the 'New Screen recording feature on the free Quicktime program that come with your mac ( I'm sure PC's have something similar).

There are a list of 'hosts', some I'm familiar with. Kino of course, Laruga, David Robson, Mark Robberds, Tim Feldmann, Eddie Stern, Ajay Tokas is there, also Alexander Medin. The others I'm not familiar with but all are in a sense hosts of their own channel under the Omstars umbrella offering one or more playlists (courses). There are Led Ashtanga series, breakdown of asana within series, anatomy classes and much more besides. A few years ago, back when I was hunting through YouTube in search of tutorials, I would have been very excited, these days I'm kind of over asana tutorials and led Series. However, I may well watch Alex Medin's Yoga Sutra series, before my subscription runs out.

This may not be my kind of thing currently but I imagine, to the home practitioner in the first few years exploring their Ashtanga practice (or yoga practice generally) this channel/website would be a godsend. It may not be free like YouTube but seems reasonable, with a lot of useful content. i believe there is another coupon available for April $80 for the year, that would be a bargain I imagine.

It was Simon I came for, I'm fascinated by how his practice, or rather what it is he chooses to teach, seems to be metamorphosing of late, each video i see seems to come at it from a slightly different angle, each demonstration of his practice slightly different,I couldn't resist a recent, up to date presentation.

And it is fascinating. After a trailer we get a twenty minute introduction/lecture (Learn the fundamentals), the science behind what he's doing, why he waves his arms about as he does, undulates his spine as he does, breathe naturally as he does. In the next video



The following video, just over an hour is Simon with two other practitioner's going through the key movements, alternative, active movement approaches to the surya namaskar and standing postures.



He even includes his active handstand approach, where the breath takes you up relatively effortlessly.


The next video is the Led actual practice, again it starts off simply, the same eight basic movements we had broken down in the first video. alternative foot positions are introduced, in the last ten minutes it becomes more improvisational, shifting the weight first here, then there. For me. having practiced this approach for a year or so now this and the previous video were revelatory, I feel I have a much better understanding of what is I'm actually doing or trying to do and how I can introduce this sense of play into my own practice of Simon and Bianca's Spinal sequence and active movements.


The final video is Simon practicing ( more practicing than demonstrating perhaps), he makes his 'clicking' sound to cue movements but that's about it. It's like playing along to one of your favourite sax players, (or trying to flollow a transcription) occasionally you get a little lost so just go off on your own for a bit until you kind of get back on track. Once you have the basic movements under your belt there really aren't any rules, just go, as they say, with the flow and your practice will no doubt be all the better for it.


Thank you Kino for bringing Simon to your platform, for the high quality production and excellent editing, was it filmed by who I think it was?

Update

Indeed it was, beautifully filmed and edited by Alessandro Sigismondi
https://alessandrosigismondi.com/about/ who also filmed these with Simon, two of my favourites.




APPENDIX


Links


http://simonborgolivier.com/


I also want to recommend Simon's own video/download of the Spinal Sequence, slightly different approach to the way he's presenting it on Omstars, equally excellent.

https://yogasynergy.com/shop/spinal-movements/

And to put it into context and to go more in depth, Simon and Bianca's 120 hour Yoga Fundamentals online course

https://yogasynergy.com/yoga-fundamentals-yoga-synergy-online-course/

Alessandro Sigismondi
https://alessandrosigismondi.com/about/

More details




















At the end of the practice, simon settles into this classic 'qigong' or rather 'zhan zhuang' position ('standing like a stake','hugging a tree'), a meditative posture that you can hold for five minutes as Simon does here or fifty, a whole practice in itself..


Update - a response to an fb comment.

We get to choose our concepts, another one might be the concept of bringing together useful tutorials and led classes from accomplished practitioners and communicators. A few years ago I used to scour Youtube for those who could explain how best to get in and out of a certain asana. In that sense this is nothing more than an extension of my early youtube playlists of certain teachers content. I have profound distaste for celebrity, yoga 'lifestyle' and yoga and business used in the same sentence but if you are at a stage of your practice where youyare into tutorials then this may well be useful.